“The IoT is big news because it ups the ante: ‘Reach out and touch somebody’ is becoming ‘reach out and touch everything’.” — Parker Trewin

Why is IoT so Important?
In recent years, IoT has been one of the 21st century’s most influential innovations. We can link everyday objects such as cars, cooking appliances, thermostats, baby monitors, etc. to the internet through embedded devices. Seamless communication is possible between people, systems, and items. Physical things can share and gather data with minimal human intervention by low-cost computing, the cloud, big data, analytics, and mobile technologies. In this irreducible world, digital systems can record, track, and modify any interaction between the items related.

What Technologies Have Made IoT Possible?
While the principle of IoT has been in existence for a long time, it has become a reality through a series of recent developments in many different technologies.

• Low-cost, low-power sensor technology available. Inexpensive and reliable sensors allow manufacturers to use IoT technology.

• Signing in– A host of internet network protocols have made connecting sensors to the cloud simple for efficient data transmission.

• Systems for Cloud computing– The growth in cloud platform availability allows both companies and customers to access the resources they need to scale up without needing to manage it directly.

• Analytics and machine learning– Businesses can gain information faster and easier with advancements in machine learning and analytics, along with access to diverse and large volumes of data stored in the cloud. Publication of these allied technologies continues to expand IoT’s limits, and IoT’s generated data also feeds these technologies.

• AI (Artificial Intelligence)- Advances in neural networks have introduced natural-language processing (NLP) to IoT devices (such as Alexa, Cortana and Siri digital personal assistants) and made them appealing, affordable and feasible for home-usage.

How is IoT for Industry? Industrial IoT (IIoT) refers to the implementation of IoT technology in industrial environments, in particular concerning instrumentation and monitoring of sensors and devices participating in cloud technologies. IIoT is also called Industrial Revolution Fourth Wave, or Industry 4.0. Some specific uses of IIoT are as follows:
Smart manufacturing
Preventive and predictive maintenance
Smart power grids
Smart cities
Connected and smart logistics
Smart digital supply chains

What are the Top IoT Applications? IoT’s ability to provide sensor information and allow device-to-device communication is driving an extensive array of applications. The following are some of the most popular features and what they are doing.

Establish new manufacturing efficiencies by control of the equipment and the product quality. Machines can be tracked and tested continuously to ensure that they work within the appropriate tolerances.
Enhance monitoring of physical properties and “ring-fencing.” Tracking helps businesses to identify the position of the stuff quickly. Ring-fencing allows them to ensure high-value assets are secured from theft and removal.
Use wearables to track environmental and human health analytics. IoT wearables enable people to understand their health better and allow doctors to monitor patients remotely.

Drive efficiencies in current processes and new possibilities; One example of this is the use of IoT to make fleet management effective and safer. Companies can use IoT fleet monitoring to guide trucks to boost performance in real-time.

Allow changes to business processes. One example is the use of IoT devices to track remote machinery’s health and cause service calls for preventive maintenance.

What Can Industries Benefit from IoT?
Organizations best suited for IoT are those that would benefit from using sensor devices:

Manufacturing- Manufacturers can gain a competitive advantage when sensors detect an imminent malfunction by using production line monitoring to allow take-over maintenance on equipment. Manufacturers may quickly test equipment for quality, or withdraw it from output until it is fixed, with the aid of sensor warnings.

Automotive- Industry stands to realize significant benefits from the use of IoT software. The benefits of applying IoT to production lines, sensors can also detect nearing equipment failure in vehicles already on the road and can alert the driver with details and advice. IoT-based apps, designers and manufacturers will be able to learn more about how to keep vehicles going and car owners updated.

Transport and Logistics- Transport and logistics services are benefiting from IoT applications. Thanks to IoT sensor info, motor vehicles such as cars, buses, ships and trains carrying inventory can be re-routed according to weather conditions, driver availability, and vehicle availability. The product itself may also have sensors for track-and-trace and temperature-control.

Retail- IoT applications allow retail companies to control inventory, enhance customer service, optimize the supply chain and reduce operating costs. Smart shelves with weight sensors, for example, can collect information based on radio frequency detection and send the data to the IoT network for warnings and automatically monitor when the inventory of items are running low.

Public sector- The advantages of IoT are equally considerate in the public sector and other service-related environments. For instance, government-owned utilities may use IoT-based applications to alert their users of mass outages and even smaller water, electricity, or sewer service interruptions. IoT systems may gather data about the severity of an outage and deploy resources to help utilities recover more quickly from outages.

Monitoring of healthcare- IoT assets provides many benefits for the healthcare sector. Doctors, nurses, and an attendant also need to know precisely where patient-assistance devices like wheelchairs are stored. When the wheelchairs of a hospital are fitted with IoT sensors, they can be monitored from the IoT asset tracking program, so that the nearest accessible wheelchair can be identified easily by anyone searching for one.

General safety in all sectors- In addition to tracking physical property, IoT can be used to enhance safety in the workplace; for example, employees in dangerous environments such as oil and gas fields, mines, and chemical and power plants need to know about the likelihood of a dangerous accident that could impact them. They can be informed of incidents or saved from them when they are linked to IoT sensor based applications. IoT implementations also refer to wearables that can monitor human health and environmental conditions. These kinds of apps not only help people better understand their health, but also allow doctors to monitor patients remotely.

Why does IoT change the world? IoT reinvents the car through the development of connected vehicles. Vehicle owners may use IoT to operate their cars remotely — like preheating the car before the driver gets into it, or calling for a vehicle remotely by phone. With IoT’s ability to allow device-to-device communication, cars will also be able to book their service appointments where necessary. The connected automobile allows manufacturers or dealers to transform the idea of car ownership on its heads. Earlier, producers had an arms-length relationship with individual clients (or none at all). Car manufacturers or dealers may use connected vehicles to maintain a continuous relationship with their customers. Instead of selling vehicles, they can charge drivers user fees, providing a “transportation-as-a-service” through autonomous cars. IoT lets manufacturers constantly upgrade their cars with new technology, a break from the traditional model of car ownership in which vehicles depreciate both in performance and value at once.

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